所謂電泳涂裝，是將被涂物浸漬在水溶性涂料中作為陽極(陽極電(dian)泳(yong)(yong)(yong))，另設一(yi)與其相(xiang)對應的陰極，在(zai)兩極間(jian)通(tong)直流電(dian)，靠電(dian)流所產生的物理(li)化學(xue)作用，使(shi)涂(tu)(tu)料均勻涂(tu)(tu)在(zai)被涂(tu)(tu)物上的一(yi)種(zhong)涂(tu)(tu)裝技術。電(dian)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)涂(tu)(tu)裝必(bi)須使(shi)用電(dian)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)漆(qi)，電(dian)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)漆(qi)通(tong)常(chang)又(you)稱水溶性涂(tu)(tu)料，電(dian)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)漆(qi)與蒸餾水必(bi)須按(an)一(yi)定比(bi)例進行稀釋，才能使(shi)用。

　　 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)泳(yong)(yong)涂(tu)裝一般包括四個同時進行(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)過程：1、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)泳(yong)(yong)：在直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場的(de)(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)下，正，負帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)膠(jiao)體粒子(zi)向負，正方(fang)向運動(dong)，也稱泳(yong)(yong)動(dong)。2、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)上(shang)分別進行(xing)著氧(yang)化(hua)還(huan)原反應，反而(er)在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)上(shang)形成(cheng)氧(yang)化(hua)與(yu)還(huan)原現象。3、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)沉積(ji)：由于(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)泳(yong)(yong)作用(yong)(yong)，移至陽極(ji)(ji)附近(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)膠(jiao)體粒子(zi)在模板(ban)表體放出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)，而(er)呈不(bu)溶狀態(tai)沉積(ji)，析(xi)出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)現象，此(ci)時漆膜形成(cheng)。4、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)滲(shen)：在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場作用(yong)(yong)下，固相(xiang)(xiang)不(bu)動(dong)，而(er)液(ye)相(xiang)(xiang)移動(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)現象。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)滲(shen)作用(yong)(yong)使漆膜內所(suo)含水(shui)份逐漸被排到涂(tu)膜外，然(ran)后形成(cheng)幾(ji)乎連電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流也通不(bu)過去(qu)，含水(shui)率極(ji)(ji)低，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻相(xiang)(xiang)當高的(de)(de)(de)(de)致密漆膜。5、鐵(tie)紅環氧(yang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)泳(yong)(yong)漆為例：該電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)泳(yong)(yong)漆系改性環氧(yang)樹脂，丁醇，乙醇胺，滑石(shi)粉，鐵(tie)紅的(de)(de)(de)(de)物質組成(cheng)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)泳(yong)(yong)漆與(yu)蒸餾水(shui)混合(he)后，在直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場的(de)(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)下，即分離(li)成(cheng)帶正電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)陽離(li)子(zi)和帶負電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)陰離(li)子(zi)，并進行(xing)一系列復雜(za)的(de)(de)(de)(de)物理化(hua)學(xue)(xue)膠(jiao)體化(hua)學(xue)(xue)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)化(hua)學(xue)(xue)變化(hua)過程。