所謂電泳涂裝，是將被涂物浸漬在水溶性涂料中作為陽極(陽極電泳)，另設一(yi)與(yu)其相(xiang)對應的陰極，在兩(liang)極間通(tong)直(zhi)流電，靠電流所(suo)產生的物理化學(xue)作用(yong)，使(shi)涂(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)料均勻涂(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)在被涂(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)物上的一(yi)種涂(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)裝(zhuang)技術。電泳涂(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)裝(zhuang)必須(xu)使(shi)用(yong)電泳漆，電泳漆通(tong)常又稱(cheng)水溶性(xing)涂(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)料，電泳漆與(yu)蒸(zheng)餾水必須(xu)按(an)一(yi)定比例進(jin)行稀釋，才能使(shi)用(yong)。

　　 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)泳涂(tu)裝一般包括四個同(tong)時進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)過程(cheng)：1、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)泳：在直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場的(de)(de)作用(yong)下，正，負帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)膠(jiao)體(ti)粒(li)子(zi)向負，正方向運(yun)動，也稱泳動。2、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)上(shang)分別進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)著氧(yang)(yang)化還原反應，反而(er)在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)上(shang)形成(cheng)(cheng)氧(yang)(yang)化與還原現(xian)(xian)象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)。3、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)沉積：由于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)泳作用(yong)，移至陽(yang)極(ji)(ji)附近的(de)(de)帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)膠(jiao)體(ti)粒(li)子(zi)在模板表體(ti)放出(chu)(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)，而(er)呈不溶狀態沉積，析出(chu)(chu)的(de)(de)現(xian)(xian)象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)，此時漆膜(mo)(mo)形成(cheng)(cheng)。4、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)滲：在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場作用(yong)下，固相(xiang)不動，而(er)液相(xiang)移動的(de)(de)現(xian)(xian)象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)滲作用(yong)使漆膜(mo)(mo)內所含(han)水(shui)份逐漸(jian)被(bei)排到(dao)涂(tu)膜(mo)(mo)外，然后形成(cheng)(cheng)幾乎連電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流也通不過去，含(han)水(shui)率(lv)極(ji)(ji)低(di)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻相(xiang)當(dang)高的(de)(de)致(zhi)密漆膜(mo)(mo)。5、鐵(tie)紅環氧(yang)(yang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)泳漆為例(li)：該電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)泳漆系(xi)改性環氧(yang)(yang)樹脂(zhi)，丁醇，乙醇胺，滑(hua)石粉，鐵(tie)紅的(de)(de)物質組成(cheng)(cheng)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)泳漆與蒸餾水(shui)混(hun)合(he)后，在直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場的(de)(de)作用(yong)下，即(ji)分離成(cheng)(cheng)帶正電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷的(de)(de)陽(yang)離子(zi)和(he)帶負電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷的(de)(de)陰離子(zi)，并進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)一系(xi)列復(fu)雜的(de)(de)物理化學膠(jiao)體(ti)化學，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)化學變化過程(cheng)。