中文字幕色婷婷在线视频_亚洲精品自在在线观看_天天爱天天做色综合_欧美综合图区亚欧综合图区

資訊動(dong)態(tai)
聯系我們(men)

東莞市卓鼎機械設備科技有限公司
座機:0769-87887989
傳(chuan)真:0769-87881865

手機(ji):0769-87887989

Http:www.plmoknj3.cn
地址:東莞市塘廈鎮清湖(hu)頭社區清湖(hu)路9B號2棟

行業動態
您當前的位置是:Home>>新聞中心>>行業動態

常見的表面處理方式

發布時間:2021-01-17 08:12:13  瀏覽次數:
拋光(guang)是(shi)指利用(yong)機械(xie)、化學(xue)或電化學(xue)的作(zuo)用(yong),使工件表面(mian)粗糙度降低,以(yi)獲(huo)得(de)光(guang)亮、平整表面(mian)的加工方法。是(shi)利用拋(pao)(pao)(pao)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)工(gong)(gong)具和(he)磨料顆粒或其他拋(pao)(pao)(pao)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)介質對工(gong)(gong)件(jian)表(biao)面(mian)進行的(de)(de)修飾加工(gong)(gong)。拋(pao)(pao)(pao)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)不(bu)能提高工(gong)(gong)件(jian)的(de)(de)尺寸精(jing)(jing)度(du)(du)或幾何形狀精(jing)(jing)度(du)(du),而(er)是(shi)以(yi)得(de)到(dao)(dao)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)滑表(biao)面(mian)或鏡面(mian)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)澤(ze)為目的(de)(de),有時(shi)也用以(yi)消除光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)澤(ze)(消光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang))。通常以(yi)拋(pao)(pao)(pao)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)輪作為拋(pao)(pao)(pao)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)工(gong)(gong)具。拋(pao)(pao)(pao)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)輪一般用多層(ceng)帆布、毛氈或皮革疊制(zhi)而(er)成(cheng)(cheng),兩(liang)側(ce)用金(jin)屬(shu)圓板夾緊,其輪緣涂(tu)敷由微(wei)粉磨料和(he)油(you)脂(zhi)(zhi)等均(jun)勻混(hun)合(he)而(er)成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)拋(pao)(pao)(pao)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)劑。拋(pao)(pao)(pao)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)時(shi),高速旋轉(zhuan)的(de)(de)拋(pao)(pao)(pao)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)輪(圓周速度(du)(du)在20米/秒以(yi)上)壓向工(gong)(gong)件(jian),使磨料對工(gong)(gong)件(jian)表(biao)面(mian)產生滾(gun)壓和(he)微(wei)量切削,從而(er)獲得(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)亮的(de)(de)加工(gong)(gong)表(biao)面(mian),表(biao)面(mian)粗糙(cao)度(du)(du)一般可達(da)Ra0.63~0.01微(wei)米;當(dang)采(cai)用非(fei)油(you)脂(zhi)(zhi)性的(de)(de)消光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)拋(pao)(pao)(pao)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)劑時(shi),可對光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)亮表(biao)面(mian)消光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)以(yi)改善(shan)外觀(guan)。針對不(bu)同的(de)(de)拋(pao)(pao)(pao)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)過程(cheng)(cheng):粗拋(pao)(pao)(pao)(基礎拋(pao)(pao)(pao)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)過程(cheng)(cheng)),中拋(pao)(pao)(pao)(精(jing)(jing)加工(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)(cheng))和(he)精(jing)(jing)拋(pao)(pao)(pao)(上光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)過程(cheng)(cheng)),選(xuan)用合(he)適的(de)(de)拋(pao)(pao)(pao)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)輪可以(yi)達(da)到(dao)(dao)最(zui)佳拋(pao)(pao)(pao)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)效果,同時(shi)提高拋(pao)(pao)(pao)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)效率。 


圖片



二.噴(pen)砂

利用高(gao)速砂流(liu)的沖擊作(zuo)用清理和粗(cu)化基體表面的過程。采(cai)用(yong)(yong)壓縮空氣為動力,以形成高(gao)速(su)噴射束將噴料(liao)(銅礦砂(sha)、石(shi)英砂(sha)、金(jin)剛砂(sha)、鐵砂(sha)、海南(nan)砂(sha))高(gao)速(su)噴射到(dao)(dao)需要(yao)處理的(de)(de)(de)工件(jian)(jian)表面(mian)(mian),使工件(jian)(jian)表面(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)外表面(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)外表或形狀發生變化,由于(yu)(yu)磨料(liao)對工件(jian)(jian)表面(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)沖擊(ji)和(he)切削作用(yong)(yong),使工件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)表面(mian)(mian)獲得一(yi)定的(de)(de)(de)清潔(jie)度和(he)不同的(de)(de)(de)粗糙度,使工件(jian)(jian)表面(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)機(ji)械性(xing)(xing)能得到(dao)(dao)改善,因此(ci)提高(gao)了(le)工件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)抗疲勞(lao)性(xing)(xing),增(zeng)加了(le)它和(he)涂(tu)層之間的(de)(de)(de)附著力,延長了(le)涂(tu)膜(mo)的(de)(de)(de)耐久性(xing)(xing),也有利于(yu)(yu)涂(tu)料(liao)的(de)(de)(de)流平和(he)裝飾。  




三. 拉絲

是通過研磨產(chan)品在(zai)工件表面形成線紋,起到裝飾效果的(de)一種表面處理(li)手段。根據(ju)拉絲(si)(si)(si)后(hou)紋(wen)路的不同(tong)可分為(wei):直紋(wen)拉絲(si)(si)(si)、亂紋(wen)拉絲(si)(si)(si)、波紋(wen)、旋紋(wen)。表(biao)面拉絲(si)(si)(si)處(chu)理是通過研磨產品在工件(jian)表(biao)面形成線紋(wen),起到裝飾效果的一種(zhong)表(biao)面處(chu)理手段。由于表(biao)面拉絲(si)(si)(si)處(chu)理能夠(gou)體現金屬材(cai)料的質(zhi)感,所以得(de)到了越來越多用戶的喜愛和越來越廣泛的應用。



四(si).陽極(ji)氧化

一種(zhong)電解氧化過程,在該(gai)過程中(zhong),鋁(lv)和(he)鋁(lv)合金的(de)表(biao)面通常轉化為一層氧化膜,這層氧化膜具(ju)有保護性、裝(zhuang)飾性以及一些(xie)其他的(de)功(gong)能特性。從這(zhe)個定(ding)義出(chu)發的(de)鋁(lv)的(de)陽(yang)(yang)極(ji)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua),只包括(kuo)生成(cheng)陽(yang)(yang)極(ji)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)膜這(zhe)一(yi)部分工藝(yi)過(guo)程。將(jiang)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)或(huo)(huo)合(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)的(de)制件(jian)(jian)(jian)作(zuo)(zuo)為陽(yang)(yang)極(ji),采(cai)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)解(jie)的(de)方法使其表面(mian)(mian)形成(cheng)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)物薄(bo)膜。金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)物薄(bo)膜改變(bian)了表面(mian)(mian)狀態和(he)(he)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng),如表面(mian)(mian)著色(se),提(ti)高(gao)(gao)耐(nai)腐蝕(shi)性(xing)(xing)、增強耐(nai)磨(mo)性(xing)(xing)及硬(ying)度(du)(du),保護金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)表面(mian)(mian)等。例如鋁(lv)陽(yang)(yang)極(ji)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua),將(jiang)鋁(lv)及其合(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)置于(yu)相(xiang)應電(dian)解(jie)液(ye)(如硫(liu)酸(suan)、鉻酸(suan)、草酸(suan)等)中作(zuo)(zuo)為陽(yang)(yang)極(ji),在(zai)特定(ding)條件(jian)(jian)(jian)和(he)(he)外(wai)加(jia)電(dian)流作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)下,進行(xing)電(dian)解(jie)。陽(yang)(yang)極(ji)的(de)鋁(lv)或(huo)(huo)其合(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua) ,表面(mian)(mian)上形成(cheng)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)鋁(lv)薄(bo)層(ceng) ,其厚(hou)度(du)(du)為5~30微(wei)米(mi)(mi) ,硬(ying)質陽(yang)(yang)極(ji)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)膜可(ke)(ke)達25~150微(wei)米(mi)(mi) 。陽(yang)(yang)極(ji)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)后的(de)鋁(lv)或(huo)(huo)其合(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin),提(ti)高(gao)(gao)了其硬(ying)度(du)(du)和(he)(he)耐(nai)磨(mo)性(xing)(xing),可(ke)(ke)達250~500千克/平方毫米(mi)(mi),良好(hao)的(de)耐(nai)熱性(xing)(xing) ,硬(ying)質陽(yang)(yang)極(ji)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)膜熔點(dian)高(gao)(gao)達2320K ,優良的(de)絕緣性(xing)(xing) ,耐(nai)擊穿電(dian)壓高(gao)(gao)達2000V ,增強了抗腐蝕(shi)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng) ,在(zai)ω=0.03NaCl鹽霧中經幾千小(xiao)時不(bu)腐蝕(shi)。氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)膜薄(bo)層(ceng)中具(ju)有大量的(de)微(wei)孔,可(ke)(ke)吸附(fu)各種(zhong)潤滑(hua)劑,適合(he)(he)制造發動機氣缸或(huo)(huo)其他(ta)耐(nai)磨(mo)零(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian);膜微(wei)孔吸附(fu)能(neng)(neng)力強可(ke)(ke)著色(se)成(cheng)各種(zhong)美觀艷麗的(de)色(se)彩。有色(se)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)或(huo)(huo)其合(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(如鋁(lv)、鎂及其合(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)等)都(dou)可(ke)(ke)進行(xing)陽(yang)(yang)極(ji)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)處理,這(zhe)種(zhong)方法廣泛用(yong)(yong)于(yu)機械零(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian),飛(fei)機汽(qi)車部件(jian)(jian)(jian),精密儀(yi)器及無線電(dian)器材,日用(yong)(yong)品和(he)(he)建筑(zhu)裝飾等方面(mian)(mian)。一(yi)般來講陽(yang)(yang)極(ji)都(dou)是用(yong)(yong)鋁(lv)或(huo)(huo)者鋁(lv)合(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)當作(zuo)(zuo)陽(yang)(yang)極(ji),陰極(ji)則選取鉛(qian)(qian)板(ban),把鋁(lv)和(he)(he)鉛(qian)(qian)板(ban)一(yi)起放(fang)在(zai)水溶液(ye),這(zhe)里(li)面(mian)(mian)有硫(liu)酸(suan)、草酸(suan)、鉻酸(suan)等,進行(xing)電(dian)解(jie),讓鋁(lv)和(he)(he)鉛(qian)(qian)板(ban)的(de)表面(mian)(mian)形成(cheng)一(yi)種(zhong)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)膜。在(zai)這(zhe)些酸(suan)中,最為廣泛的(de)是用(yong)(yong)硫(liu)酸(suan)進行(xing)的(de)陽(yang)(yang)極(ji)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)。


工藝流程

單色、漸變色:拋光/噴砂/拉絲→除油(you)→陽(yang)極氧(yang)化→中(zhong)和→染色→封孔→烘干
雙色:①拋光/噴砂/拉絲→除油→遮(zhe)蔽→陽極氧化1→陽極氧化2 →封(feng)孔→烘干(gan)
②拋光/噴砂/拉絲(si)→除油→陽極氧化1 →鐳(lei)雕→陽極氧化2 →封孔→烘干(gan)


技術特點

1、提(ti)升強度,
2、實現除白色外任何顏色。
3、實(shi)現(xian)無鎳封孔,滿足歐、美等國家對(dui)無鎳的要求(qiu)。 






五.電泳


工藝分為陽極電泳和陰極電泳。若涂料粒子帶負電,工件為陽極,涂料粒子在電場力作用下在工件沉積成膜稱為陽極電泳;反之,若涂料粒子帶正電,工件為陰極,涂料粒子在工件上沉積成膜稱為陰極電泳。


陽極電泳一般工藝流程為(wei):工(gong)件前處理(li)(除(chu)油→熱水(shui)洗→除(chu)銹→冷水(shui)洗→磷(lin)化→熱水(shui)洗→鈍化)→陽(yang)極(ji)電泳(yong)→工(gong)件后處理(li)(清水(shui)洗→烘(hong)干)。
1、除(chu)油(you)。溶液(ye)一般為熱(re)堿性(xing)化學除(chu)油液(ye),溫(wen)度為60℃(蒸汽加熱(re)),時(shi)間(jian)為20min左右。
2、熱水洗溫(wen)度60℃(蒸汽加(jia)熱),時(shi)間2min。
3、除銹。用H2SO4或(huo)HCl ,例如用鹽酸(suan)除銹液(ye),HCl總(zong)酸(suan)度(du)≥43點;游離酸度(du)>41點;加清洗劑1.5%;室(shi)溫下洗10~20min。
4、冷水洗。流動中冷水洗1min。
5、磷化。用中溫磷化(hua)(hua)(60℃時磷化(hua)(hua)10min),磷化(hua)(hua)液(ye)可用市售成(cheng)品(pin)。
上述工序亦可用噴(pen)砂(sha)→水洗代替。
6、鈍(dun)化(hua)。用(yong)與磷化液配套的藥品(由出售磷化液廠家(jia)提供),室溫下(xia)1~2min即可(ke)。
7、陽(yang)極電(dian)泳。電解液成(cheng)分(fen):H08-1黑色電泳漆,固體分(fen)質量分(fen)數9%~12%,蒸餾水(shui)質量分(fen)數88%~91%。電壓:(70±10)V;時間:2~2.5min;漆液(ye)溫度:15~35℃;漆液(ye)PH 值:8~8.5。注意(yi)工件出入槽要斷電。電泳過程中電流隨漆膜(mo)增厚會逐步下降(jiang)。
8、清水(shui)洗。流動(dong)冷水(shui)中(zhong)洗。
9、烘干。在烘(hong)箱中于(yu)(165±5)℃溫(wen)度下(xia)烘(hong)40~60min即可。 




六.PVD

PVD是英文Physical Vapor Deposition(物(wu)(wu)理氣(qi)相沉積)的(de)(de)縮寫,是指在真空條件下,采用(yong)低電(dian)(dian)壓、大電(dian)(dian)流的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)弧放電(dian)(dian)技術,利(li)用(yong)氣(qi)體放電(dian)(dian)使(shi)靶材蒸(zheng)發并使(shi)被蒸(zheng)發物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)與氣(qi)體都發生電(dian)(dian)離,利(li)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)場的(de)(de)加速作用(yong),使(shi)被蒸(zheng)發物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)及(ji)其(qi)反應產物(wu)(wu)沉積在工件上。物理氣相沉積技術工藝過程簡單,對環境改(gai)善,無污染,耗材少(shao),成(cheng)膜均勻致密(mi),與(yu)基體的結合力(li)強。該技(ji)術廣泛(fan)應用于(yu)航空航天(tian)、電(dian)(dian)子、光學、機(ji)械、建筑、輕(qing)工、冶金、材(cai)料等領(ling)域,可制備具有耐磨、耐腐飾、裝(zhuang)飾、導(dao)電(dian)(dian)、絕緣、光導(dao)、壓電(dian)(dian)、磁性、潤滑、超導(dao)等特(te)性的膜(mo)層(ceng)。 




七(qi).電鍍(du)

(Electroplating)就(jiu)是利用電解原(yuan)理在某些金(jin)(jin)屬表面(mian)上鍍(du)上一薄(bo)層其它金(jin)(jin)屬或合(he)金(jin)(jin)的過程,是利用(yong)電解作(zuo)用(yong)使金(jin)屬(shu)或其它材料制件的(de)表面(mian)附著一層金(jin)屬(shu)膜(mo)的(de)工藝從而起到防(fang)止金(jin)屬(shu)氧化(如銹蝕),提高耐磨性(xing)、導(dao)電性(xing)、反光性(xing)、抗腐蝕性(xing)(硫酸(suan)銅等(deng))及增進美(mei)觀等(deng)作(zuo)用(yong)。不少(shao)硬幣的外層亦為電(dian)鍍。


圖片



八(ba).蝕刻

通常所指蝕刻(ke)也稱(cheng)光化學(xue)蝕刻(ke),指通過曝光制版、顯影(ying)后,將要蝕刻(ke)區域的保護膜(mo)去除,在蝕刻(ke)時接觸化學(xue)溶(rong)(rong)液,達到溶(rong)(rong)解腐蝕的作用,形成凹(ao)凸或者鏤空成型的效果。


工藝流程:
曝光法:工程根據圖形(xing)開出備料尺寸-材料準備-材料清洗(xi)-烘干(gan)→貼(tie)膜或涂布→烘干(gan)→曝光(guang)→顯影(ying)→烘干(gan)-蝕刻(ke)→脫膜→OK
網印法:開料→清洗板材(不銹鋼(gang)其它金屬材料)→絲(si)網印→蝕刻→脫膜→OK



九.噴涂


噴(pen)涂(tu)(tu)通過(guo)噴(pen)槍或(huo)碟式霧化器,借助于壓力或(huo)離心力,分散成均勻而微細(xi)的霧滴(di),施涂(tu)(tu)于被涂(tu)(tu)物表面的涂(tu)(tu)裝方法(fa)。可分為空氣(qi)噴(pen)涂(tu)、無空氣(qi)噴(pen)涂(tu)、靜電噴(pen)涂(tu)以及(ji)上(shang)述(shu)基本噴(pen)涂(tu)形式的各種(zhong)派生(sheng)的方式,如大流量低(di)壓力霧化噴(pen)涂(tu)、熱噴(pen)涂(tu)、自動噴(pen)涂(tu)、多組噴(pen)涂(tu)等。噴(pen)(pen)(pen)涂(tu)(tu)作(zuo)業(ye)生(sheng)產(chan)效率高(gao)(gao),適用(yong)于手工(gong)作(zuo)業(ye)及工(gong)業(ye)自動(dong)化(hua)(hua)生(sheng)產(chan),應用(yong)范圍(wei)廣主要有(you)五金、塑膠(jiao)、家私、軍工(gong)、船舶等(deng)領域,是現今應用(yong)最普遍的(de)一種(zhong)涂(tu)(tu)裝(zhuang)方式;噴(pen)(pen)(pen)涂(tu)(tu)作(zuo)業(ye)需要環境(jing)要求有(you)百萬級到百級的(de)無塵(chen)車(che)間,噴(pen)(pen)(pen)涂(tu)(tu)設(she)(she)備(bei)有(you)噴(pen)(pen)(pen)槍(qiang),噴(pen)(pen)(pen)漆(qi)室(shi),供漆(qi)室(shi),固化(hua)(hua)爐/烘干爐,噴(pen)(pen)(pen)涂(tu)(tu)工(gong)件輸送作(zuo)業(ye)設(she)(she)備(bei),消(xiao)霧及廢水,廢氣處理設(she)(she)備(bei)等(deng)。大流(liu)量低壓力霧化(hua)(hua)噴(pen)(pen)(pen)涂(tu)(tu)是低的(de)霧化(hua)(hua)氣壓和低空氣射流(liu)速(su)度,低的(de)霧化(hua)(hua)涂(tu)(tu)料(liao)運行速(su)度改善了涂(tu)(tu)料(liao)從被涂(tu)(tu)物表面(mian)反彈(dan)出來的(de)情(qing)況。使上(shang)(shang)漆(qi)率從普通空氣噴(pen)(pen)(pen)涂(tu)(tu)的(de)30%~40%,提(ti)高(gao)(gao)到了65%~85%。在輕革涂(tu)(tu)飾中用(yong)噴(pen)(pen)(pen)槍(qiang)或噴(pen)(pen)(pen)漿機(ji)將涂(tu)(tu)飾噴(pen)(pen)(pen)于革面(mian)上(shang)(shang)。

圖片

 

十.鐳雕

也叫(jiao)激光(guang)雕刻或者激光(guang)打(da)標(biao),是一種用光(guang)學原理進行表面處理的工藝。
利用激(ji)光器(qi)發(fa)射(she)的(de)高強度聚焦激(ji)光束在焦點處 . 使材料氧化(hua)因而對其進(jin)行加工.打標的(de)效(xiao)應是(shi)通過(guo)(guo)表(biao)層物(wu)質(zhi)的(de)蒸發(fa)露(lu)出深(shen)層物(wu)質(zhi),或(huo)(huo)者(zhe)是(shi)通過(guo)(guo)光能導致(zhi)表(biao)層物(wu)質(zhi)的(de)化(hua)學物(wu)理變化(hua)出痕(hen)跡(ji),或(huo)(huo)者(zhe)是(shi)通過(guo)(guo)光能燒(shao)掉(diao)部分(fen)物(wu)質(zhi),而“刻(ke)”出痕(hen)跡(ji),或(huo)(huo)者(zhe)是(shi)通過(guo)(guo)光能燒(shao)掉(diao)部分(fen)物(wu)質(zhi), 顯(xian)出所需(xu)刻(ke)蝕(shi)的(de)圖形(xing),文字(zi)。


上一條:新型擰螺絲工藝    下一條:熱噴涂的介紹
友情鏈接: