粉末靜電噴涂工藝曾是我國重點推廣的新技術之一。該工藝發展速度較 快，已廣泛地應用于儀器儀表、縫紉機、機電設備、農業機械、家用電器、玩具等產品的噴涂，前景十分樂觀。洗衣機涂裝設備一(yi)般包括高壓靜(jing)電發生器、靜(jing)電噴槍、供粉(fen)裝 置(zhi)、噴粉(fen)室(shi)、粉(fen)末回收裝置(zhi)和固化烘道等。以下(xia)講以下(xia)高壓靜(jing)電發生器和靜(jing)電噴槍的性能：

    靜電(dian)噴槍(qiang)

　　目前除了很少的(de)(de)手工(gong)噴(pen)涂(tu)外，大部分廠(chang)家都采用自動噴(pen)涂(tu)的(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)法，即(ji)將(jiang)噴(pen)槍安裝在自動往(wang)復(fu)機上，作上下往(wang)復(fu)運動。對(dui)噴(pen)槍的(de)(de)材料(liao)要求，一是(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)絕緣性(xing)能好，二是(shi)(shi)導電(dian)(dian)(dian)性(xing)能優。由于噴(pen)嘴前部裝有圓(yuan)錐(zhui)體調節，噴(pen)涂(tu)圓(yuan)形面(mian)(mian)積的(de)(de)大小調節方(fang)(fang)便。從國外引進的(de)(de)噴(pen)槍結構(gou)來(lai)看(kan)，一種(zhong)是(shi)(shi)采用高壓(ya)液體電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜，在意(yi)外發生破損(sun)時(shi)，它(ta)不會發生危(wei)險,另一種(zhong)是(shi)(shi)將(jiang)高電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的(de)(de)供給組(zu)裝在噴(pen)槍之(zhi)內(nei)，這樣就用不著僵(jiang)硬(ying)和易受干擾的(de)(de)高壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜，因而消除了長高壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜和電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻的(de)(de)損(sun)耗，使(shi)設(she)備(bei)更加可靠(kao)和安全地工(gong)作。如果工(gong)件與噴(pen)槍靠(kao)得太近，電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)會隨著靠(kao)近的(de)(de)程(cheng)度相應地改變。它(ta)是(shi)(shi)通過一個(ge)可調關閉點導致觸發一個(ge)信號(hao)。 這個(ge)信號(hao)一方(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)關斷高壓(ya)，另一方(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)防止了對(dui)噴(pen)槍和工(gong)件造成的(de)(de)損(sun)壞。

    高壓靜電發生器

　　高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)發(fa)生(sheng)器(qi)在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路原(yuan)理方面(mian)大都采用(yong)高(gao)頻振蕩電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路產生(sheng)髙頻信(xin)號(hao)，經變壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)升壓(ya)(ya)，最后(hou)送倍壓(ya)(ya)整流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路獲得直流(liu)(liu)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)。目前我國生(sheng)產的主要有電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子真(zhen)空管(guan)、晶體(ti)管(guan)、 晶體(ti)管(guan)與集成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路復合塊和國產集成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路等 高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)發(fa)生(sheng)器(qi)。粉(fen)末靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)噴涂的高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)，必須(xu)能產生(sheng)高(gao)強度的靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場，從安(an)全角度考 慮，一般是輸出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)高(gao)而電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)低，通常的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)為(wei)8萬伏(fu)左(zuo)右，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)則低于(yu)300微安(an)。